[Adverbial Explanations-2] Explanations for Grade 12 University Entrance Exam Questions about Adverbial Clauses(English) with Exam Techniques and Smart Notes (Part-2)

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By Million Abebe (Masters in English and B. Ed. Degree in Pedagogy)
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Overview 
This material prevents explanations for Grade 12 Entrance (Adverbial Clauses Questions: Part-2) with exam techniques and brief rules!
These explanations begin with Explanation-12; for explanations 1-11, see explanations part-1: click here!
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Q. He sold his old house __________________ buy a new one. Unfortunately, however, it didn’t work out and now he has no house. (G-12: Entrance: 2008)
A. so that to        
B. so as to      
C. because of to     
D. in order that to
Explanation-12
This question could be answered simply by "using blank space techniques'"!
Look the given blank space is followed by verb1 'buy'!
  • Again, look the above choices; choices A, C and D will be eliminated simply by looking because they are "ungrammatical"! 
    • "So that to" (A), "because of to" (C) and "in order that to" (D) are "ungrammatical"; we don't have such structures /expressions in formal English. 
    • As a result, 100% sure, choice B must be correct answer!
    • Based on rules (see below), 'so as to' is followed by 'verb1'! 
Ans. B
Q. They started early ___________ get there before noon. (G-12: Entrance: 2005)
A. so as to       
B. because to        
C. so that       
D. so that to

Explanation-13
The above question could be answered simply by "looking the given choices" and also "using blank space techniques"! 
Dear students, some choices could be eliminated simply by looking; (please, in future), before starting to choose correct answer, first, see and eliminate some "ungrammatical choices" (if any)! 
  • For example, in the above question, simply by looking the given choices, choices B and D should be eliminated! 
  • Because they are ungrammatical ('because' and 'so that' are NOT followed by "to"); there are no such types of expressions in formal English! 
  • Now, you have 50% (1/2) probability of getting (if you eliminate one of the rest two choices, your probability will be 100%!)
  • Both choices A and C are grammatically correct; both expressions could be used for purpose clause.
    • This means, two purpose clause expressions are given on different choices, under a single question.
    • To answer this and other related questions, use "blank space techniques"!
  • Look the given blank space (in the above question) is followed by the verb "get''; based on rules (see the next smart summary note), 'so that' (C) is NOT used before verb. 
    • "So that" is followed by clause (form: so that + clause)! 
    • As a result, choice C will be eliminated! 
Ans. A
Brief Rules..: Purpose Clause: 'so as to...'
The above questions is generally about 'purpose clauses' specifically, about the use of ''so as to...'!
  • 'Purpose clauses' are used to express an actoin with future/expect reason; it could answer a question why!
  • In 'purpose clauses', ''so as to and other related expressions...'' are followed by verb1 (see the next summary)!

For more, click here!
Q. No one should abuse his/her power ______ corruption. (G-12: Entrance: 2015S)
A. in order to   
B. so as to     
C. to     
D. for 
Explanation-14
The above question could be answered in one step by using "blank space techniques"! 
  • Look the given blank space is followed by noun "corruption"; based on this, choices A, B, and C must be eliminated; answer should be D!
  • Because 'in order to' (A), 'so as to' (B) and 'to' (C) are followed by verb1. 
  • 'For' is used to express purpose clause (form: for + noun/phrase). 
Ans. D
Q. You should leave home early ______ to be late for tomorrow's exam. (G-12: Entrance: 2002)
A. in case not  
B. so that not  
C. if not 
D. in order not 
Explanation-15
The above question could be answered by applying both "blank space techniques" and "relationship techniques". 
  • Using "blank space techniques" and also "relationship techniques", choices A, B and C must be eliminated. 
    • Look the given blank space is followed by 'to'; none of the above expressions (on choices A-C) could be followed by 'to'.
    • Only 'in order'/'in order not' could be followed by 'to'.
Ans. D
Additional Explanation 
Let me explain how choices A, B and C must be eliminated using "blank space techniques" and "relationship techniques". 
  • Using "blank space techniques", choices A and B should be eliminated. 
    • Because take the given blank space as a clue; look the given blank space is followed by 'to'. 
    • As a rule, only 'in order and so as' are used before 'to'. 
    • Based on this, choices A and B must be eliminated because 'in case' (A) and 'so that' (B) can't be followed by 'to'. 
  • Using "relationship techniques", it is clear that the above question is about 'purpose clause'! 
    • Because look the ideas, in this question; they have "action and expectation relationship" (clue: look the first and the second ideas: "leaving home early" is action; "not to be late for tomorrow's exam" is the speaker's expectation). 
    • As it has been said above, if the given ideas have "action and expectation relationship", that question is about 'purpose clause'! 
    • As a result, choice C must be eliminated because 'if not' is used for "cause" and "effect": it is not for 'purpose clause': 'if not' doesn't have any relation with 'purpose clause'!
Ans. D
Q. The hospital has a backup generator, _______ there is a power failur. (G-12: Entrance: 2012)
A. in the fact of  
B. in the case of  
C. in case 
D. instead
Explanation-16
In this question, the action (having a backup generator) is done to avoid a power failur. 
  • It is generally about purpose clause (clues: an action and its expected result are given); specifically, about the use of 'in case'. 
  • If someone or something does/did/will do something to avoid something (to prevent from happening), negative purpose clause (see rules, below) or in case/lest could be used. 
Ans. C
Q. Gebre didn't come to the meeting _____ fear of being labeled as a 'puppet'. But it could have been better to go and see what people think about the system. (G-12: Entrance: 2011)
A. because   
B. in case of   
C. for   
D. as 
Explanation-17
The above question is about purpose clause because look the relationship between the given ideas; there is 'action' with 'expectation'. Moreover, look the given blank space is followed by "fear of" + noun phrase ("being labeled"). 
Now, look the given choices; except choice C the rest choices are wrong; based on rules (see above rules) "for" is used before "fear of" (form: for + fear of + phrase)!
Ans. C





For more, click here!
Q. Any student ____ misbehaves in class should be penalized. (G-12: Entrance: 2015S)
A. whosoever   
B. who     
C. whom   
D. which
Explanation-18
The question is about relative clause (clue: it talks about student to be penalized). 
'Blank space techniques' could be used to answer question is about relative clause!
Look the idea before the given blank space and after it.
♦ The idea before the blank space could help you to know whether it is about "people or thing"!
♦ The idea after the blank space could help you to know whether the place needs "subject/ object/possessive indicator".
For example, you could use the blank space as clue to answer this question.
♠ Look, the idea before the blank space is about person (student); eliminate choice D 'which'. 
  • Now, your probability increased from 25% to 33%!
♠ The idea after the blank space could help you to know whether blank space needs "subject/ object/possessive indicator", look the idea after the blank space.
♠Here, the blank space is followed by "verb"; this means, the blank space needs "subject". Choice C must be eliminated (clue: 'whom' is object).
  • Now, your probability increased from 33% to 50%!
Note:
Both choices A and B could be used as subject but A is correct.
  • "Any + noun" is used in positive way to say 'it doesn't matter'!
  • It doesn't matter who a student is as long as a he/she misbehaves (shows bad behavior).
  • "Whosoever" is used to give more emphasis or surprise but who doesn't show surprise.
    • Eliminate choice B!
    • Now, your probability increased from 50% to 100%!
Ans. A
Brief Rules-...: Relative Clauses: 'subject ...'
The above question is about 'relative clause' (clues: see the explanation, above)!
  • ''Relative clauses' are used to give basic/key information or to give additional/extra ideas.
  • ''Relative clauses' are by relative pronouns. 
  • 'As a subject': who, that, which, whosoever... are some common relative pronouns that are used a subject in relative clauses' (see the next brief summary)

For more, click here!
Q. I remember quite well what the anti-Apartheid icon Nelson Mandela once said "_______ Africans are sinking, the rest of the world is letting them sink. When someone lets you you sink, you must learn how to swim." (G-12: Entrance: 2015S)
A. while  
B. whereas  
C. even though  
D. on the contrary

Explanation-19
Look the above question; it is about adverbial clauses (clue: see the given choices: various connectors/ adverbial clause expressions are given.). 
  • You could answer this question using "relationship techniques". 
    • That means, by looking the relationship between the given ideas (before and after the given blank space/in the first clause and the second clause). 
    • Then based on that eliminate unrelated choices. 
  • In the above question, there are two ideas/actions (in the first clause and the second clause): two actions ('sinking' and 'letting sink') taking place "at the same time". 
  • Based on rules, we use 'while/when/as' to express two actions that happen at the same time. 
  • So, choices C and D should be eliminated (clue: 'even though' and 'on the contrary' are used for contrasting ideas, not for two actions that happen at the same time.). 
  • Choice B should also be eliminated for two reasons: 'where as' should be written as one word (like this 'whereas'); 'whereas' which is written as one word is used to join different ideas not two actions that happen at the same time. 
Ans. A
Q. My classmate goes to school by bus ______ I walk every day. (G-12: Entrance: 2012)
A. whereas  
B. because  
C. since  
D. so
Explanation-20
  • This question could be answered in two steps only. Simply by taking each choice and cross-check thier functions with the given ideas/sentence, you can eliminate unrelated choices.
    • Choices B&C should be eliminated as both are used for reason clause. 
    • If the same/similar structures are used like these, both are eliminated. 
    • Choice D also should be eliminated (clue: so is used to show cause and effect.). 
    • The sentence doesn't show cause and effect; it shows different ideas but not contrast.
Ans. A
Additional Explanation 
  • Rules: whereas, while, on the other hand, in the other hand... these are used to join different ideas but not contrasting.
Examples
  • Biden likes to watch films whereas/while/but I like to watch football games. (These ideas are different; they don't contrast.)
  • Biden likes to watch films but /; however, I donot like to watch films. (These contrast each other.)
Note: 'But' is used for both 'different ideas' and 'contrasting'.
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Links: All Related Links Only Adverbial Clauses
To get full understanding (Adverbial Clauses) that enable you to be successful on exam, read the next smart related materials!
Smart Notes
Answers for Grade 12 Entrance Exam 







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